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                <text>Thompson V. Lester, Sr. was born in Christiansburg, Virginia in 1915. Thompson Lester met and married his wife, Elizabeth, in New Jersey. After serving in the Navy, Lester returned to Christiansburg, where he worked for his family's dry cleaning business. In this interview, Thompson Lester describes the Christiansburg community, describes educational opportunities such as Christiansburg Institute, and he discusses his family's business. Additionally, Thompson Lester talks about Black fraternal organizations, such as the Masons.&#13;
&#13;
Elizabeth (Betty) R. Lester was born in New Jersey before marrying Thompson Lester and moving to Christiansburg, Virginia. In this interview, Elizabeth Lester joins her husband in talking about the Christiansburg community. She specifically describes health care access to Black community members, unequal access to public goods and services, church life in the community, and social life in the community, such as the Household of Ruth organization.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/thumbnails/spec_forms/PubPermission.doc" target="_blank"&gt;Permission to publish material from the Black Appalachians Oral History Project must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Walter Lewis was born in 1926, and he grew up in the Radford-Blacksburg area. After graduating from Christiansburg Institute, Lewis served in the Navy during WWII; later in life, he worked for Virginia Tech. In this interview, Lewis describes his experience at Christiansburg Institute, as well as his experience raising a family in the Blacksburg area. Specifically, Lewis talks about segregation in Blacksburg and the efforts for desegregation by Black civic leaders. Lewis describes the Virginia Council of Human Relations and other notable community leaders in the push for civil rights in Montgomery County, Virginia.</text>
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          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
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                <text>William Waymon Pack was born in Montgomery County on August 7, 1920, and he grew up in Riner, Virginia. Pack attended a local primary school before attending Christiansburg Industrial Institute. Due to financial difficulties, Pack had to drop out of Christiansburg Institute, and he worked a variety of occupations in the Montgomery County area. Pack drove a bus for the Radford Army Ammunition Plant during World War II, worked in the mines, and eventually moved to Washington D.C. where he worked in a public school. In this interview, Waymon Pack describes working at the Radford Army Ammunition Plant, and he describes other work opportunities available to Black Appalachians in the mid-twentieth century. Pack discusses educational opportunities for Black children, and he discusses the push for educational improvements brought by the County-Wide League, a civic association that advocated for educational equality.&#13;
&#13;
Cora Elizabeth Oveter McDaniel Pack was born and raised in Christiansburg, Virginia, and she married Waymon Pack in 1943. Cora Pack joins her husband in describing desegregation and educational opportunities for Black Appalachians. In this interview, Cora Pack discusses racial issues that her son faced in the Montgomery County school system after the Brown v. Board of Education decision.</text>
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                <text>Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Black Appalachians Oral History Project, Ms1991-019, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.</text>
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&#13;
Mason Franklin Scott was born in 1928 and grew up in Elliston, Virginia. Scott attended Christiansburg Industrial Institute before completing his education in the Youth’s Army Program. He worked on the railroad before serving in the Army during the Korean War. As a veteran, Scott worked as a Postal Service employee in Blacksburg and Elliston, Virginia. In this interview, Mason Scott is accompanied by his mother, Valerie Scott, and he discusses his experience with the railroad, his service in the Army, race relations in Montgomery County, and work opportunities for Black Appalachians.&#13;
&#13;
James E. Dow was born in Pennsylvania in 1928. He grew up in Elliston, Virginia, and he was raised by his grandparents. Dow graduated from Christiansburg Industrial Institute before serving in the Army during the Korean War. Upon his return from service, he worked for the railroad, briefly, before working in the Civil Service department at the Veteran’s Hospital. In this interview, Dow shares his experience of attending Christiansburg Institute, describes working for the railroad and the Army, and discusses race relations in the Montgomery County area.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/thumbnails/spec_forms/PubPermission.doc" target="_blank"&gt;Permission to publish material from the Black Appalachians Oral History Project must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://oralhistory-dev.cloud.lib.vt.edu/ohms-viewer/viewer.php?cachefile=Ms1991-019_ValerieScottMasonScottandJamesDow.xml" target="blank"&gt;Click here for synced audio and transcript&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="185378">
                  <text>Permission to publish material from the Black Appalachians Oral History Project must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.</text>
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          <name>Viewer</name>
          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
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              <text>OHMS</text>
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                <text>Oral History with Homer C. Sherman, March 13, 1991 (Ms1991-019)</text>
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                <text>Virginia Polytechnic Institute</text>
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                <text>Christiansburg Industrial Institute.</text>
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                <text>Homer C. Sherman was born and raised in Wake Forest, Virginia. Sherman attended a local, one-room school until the eighth grade. After primary school, Homer Sherman went to work in the mines with his father. Lack of work opportunities in the Montgomery County area caused Homer Sherman to move away in search of better jobs with better pay. In this interview, Sherman describes growing up in the Wake Forest area, describes educational opportunities, and discusses work opportunities in Montgomery County. Sherman highlights that the lack of work opportunities available to Black Appalachians in the Montgomery County area caused many to migrate north in search of better jobs.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="185544">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/thumbnails/spec_forms/PubPermission.doc" target="_blank"&gt;Permission to publish material from the Black Appalachians Oral History Project must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Black Appalachians Oral History Project, Ms1991-019, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://spec.lib.vt.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Special Collections, University Libraries, Virginia Tech&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://oralhistory-dev.cloud.lib.vt.edu/ohms-viewer/viewer.php?cachefile=Ms1991-019_HomerSherman.xml" target="blank"&gt;Click here for synced audio and transcript&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
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                <text>Christiansburg Industrial Institute.</text>
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                <text>James E. Sherman--who also went by Steve Sherman--was born in Whitethorne, Virginia and grew up in the Wake Forest community. Sherman attended Christiansburg Institute and spent his life working in the coal mines. In this interview, Sherman describes growing up in the Wake Forest community, education opportunities for Black Appalachians, and work opportunities in the area. Sherman briefly mentions other subjects, such as race relations and social life in the Montgomery County area.</text>
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                <text>Reverend Kenneth B. Wright was born and raised in Elliston, Virginia. Wright attended Montgomery County Public Schools, Virginia Union University, and&#13;
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/thumbnails/spec_forms/PubPermission.doc" target="_blank"&gt;Permission to publish material from the Black Appalachians Oral History Project must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Permission to publish material from the Denim Day 40th Anniversary Oral History Collection must adhere to the CC BY-NC 4.0 license and credit Special Collections, Virginia Tech.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://spec.lib.vt.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Special Collections, University Libraries, Virginia Tech&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This oral history collection accompanies the Fries Textile Plant Records, which were donated to Virginia Tech in 1988 following the mill ceasing all operations. These oral histories center around the role the textile mill played in the town, as it served as an economic hub to Southwest Virginia during the early to mid 20th century. Many speakers were generational workers of the mill, but all had ties to it in some way. In this collection, interviewees cover living and growing up in Fries, VA, mill production and operations, and Fries today since the mill shut down. They hope to stimulate the economic energy once seen during golden age of the mill, as it went from a booming company town to impoverished.</text>
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                  <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories Collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech.</text>
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                  <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories Collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                <text>Kevin Combs grew up just outside of Fries, Va., and spent his summers working in the mill as a doffer. His family has history with the town, as his grandfather was the minister of the Baptist Church until 1945, and his father similarly grew up in the town and worked in the mill. Now a resident of North Carolina, Combs is a photographer and has a project dedicated to Fries. &#13;
&#13;
In this interview, Combs discusses his experiences working in the mill and growing up in Fries. At the end, he discusses the ways the town changed after the mill shut down and his ideas to revitalize the town. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://oralhistory-dev.cloud.lib.vt.edu/ohms-viewer/viewer.php?cachefile=Ms2019-0045_KevinCombs.xml" target="blank"&gt;Click here for synced audio and transcript&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories 2019-2022 (Ms2019-045)</text>
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                  <text>Textile workers</text>
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                  <text>This oral history collection accompanies the Fries Textile Plant Records, which were donated to Virginia Tech in 1988 following the mill ceasing all operations. These oral histories center around the role the textile mill played in the town, as it served as an economic hub to Southwest Virginia during the early to mid 20th century. Many speakers were generational workers of the mill, but all had ties to it in some way. In this collection, interviewees cover living and growing up in Fries, VA, mill production and operations, and Fries today since the mill shut down. They hope to stimulate the economic energy once seen during golden age of the mill, as it went from a booming company town to impoverished.</text>
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                  <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                  <text>Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories Collection (Ms2019-045), Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. </text>
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              <text>Willie Wilson</text>
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              <text>01:01:18</text>
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          <name>Viewer</name>
          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>OHMS</text>
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                <text>Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories Oral History with Willie Wilson, August 29, 2022 (Ms2019-045)</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283847">
                <text>Permission to publish material from the Fries Textile Mill Oral Histories Collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                <text>Special Collections and University Archives, University Libraries, Virginia Tech</text>
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                <text>Willie Wilson, born just outside of Fries in Fallville, Va. moved back to Fries in 1965 to work for the Washington Mills Co. Textile Mill. He started in the gardener shop, then moved into the weave room as a doffer, which he remained as for decades after. In this interview, he discusses working at the mill, the influence the mill had on the town, and local stories. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://oralhistory-dev.cloud.lib.vt.edu/ohms-viewer/viewer.php?cachefile=Ms2019-045_WillieWilson.xml" target="blank"&gt;Click here for synced audio and transcript&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>VT Stories Oral History Collection (Ms2016-015)</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="80199">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/thumbnails/spec_forms/PubPermission.doc" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Permission to publish material from the VT Stories Oral History Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Initiated in 2015 by the President’s Office and managed by faculty and staff in History, English, TLOS, VT Libraries, and the Alumni Association, the VT Stories Oral History Project collects and examines stories, memories, tall tales, tragedies, and triumphs of all members of the Hokie community to help us know our shared history and to make sense of it. At the heart of the project is Hokies interviewing Hokies—largely student-staffed and trained by oral historians, interviewers engage with VT Alumni to learn their history and to make mentoring connections that go beyond the student experience. As we seek to understand why Virginia Tech is top rated in its success in engaging alumni, we highlight the exciting, memorable, historic moments in Hokie lives that have forged strong and enduring connections.&#13;
&#13;
Any questions regarding this collection should be directed to Ren Harman, Oral History Projects Archivist, harman07@vt.edu</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://vtstories.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;VT Stories&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Chris Kappas</text>
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              <text>Slade Lelock</text>
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              <text>00:51:37</text>
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          <name>Viewer</name>
          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>VT Stories Oral History with Chris Kappas 1/6, July 30, 2018 (Ms2016-015)</text>
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                <text>The first in a special series of interviews with Chris Kappas, a local Blacksburg businessman, land lord, and restaurateur. Born in Greece in 1938, Chris Kappas is the son of Nick Kappas, early Greek immigrant and restaurateur in Southwest Virginia. &#13;
&#13;
In this interview, Chris recounts his father's story of immigrating to the United States at thirteen years old, and creating a life for himself in Roanoke, Va. During Nick Kappas' career working in restaurants, he became a beloved figure in the Blacksburg community, particularly by the Corps of Cadets, and relocated to North Main Street. Here, he opened his own restaurant in 1922, the Busy Bee Restaurant, more commonly known as the Greek's. Chris Kappas covers the early history of the restaurant, through name changes and working in Blacksburg as one of the few Greek immigrants, up to his birth in 1938 just before World War II. &#13;
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Judy Swecker Slaughter</text>
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&#13;
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                  <text>Virginia, Southwest</text>
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                  <text>Local/Regional History and Appalachian South</text>
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                  <text>Politicians -- United States</text>
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                  <text>The Rick Boucher Papers, 1968-2017 (bulk 1975-2011), document his career in the Virginia State Senate, 1975-1982, and in the United States Congress as the Representative of Virginia's 9th District, 1983-2011. The collection consists of press releases, Boucher's writings, mailers he distributed, information about his campaigns and elections, scripts of speeches he gave, news clippings about him and issues he worked on, correspondence, information about grants that he worked on, and audiovisual materials including photographs, VHS tapes, video reels, audio cassettes, DVDs, awards, and digital files. Materials primarily span from the beginning of his political career in 1975 to his retirement from Congress in 2011.</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
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                  <text>Boucher, Rick, 1946-</text>
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              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3585.oai_ead.xml"&gt;See the finding aid for the Rick Boucher Papers, Ms2021-048.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>1968- 2017</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>The copyright status of this collection is owned by Rick Boucher. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. </text>
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                  <text>The collection is open for research.</text>
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              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
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                  <text>Boucher, Rick</text>
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                  <text>Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech</text>
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                  <text>Ms2021-048</text>
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                  <text>Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Rick Boucher Papers, Ms2021-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.</text>
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              <text>Ren Harman</text>
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          <name>Narrator</name>
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              <text>Frederick "Rick" C. Boucher</text>
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              <text>Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia</text>
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          <name>Viewer</name>
          <description>Select which type of viewer is needed for the files</description>
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              <text>01:15:34</text>
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                <text>Oral History with Rick Boucher Part 1, June 28, 2023 (Ms2021-048)</text>
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                <text>Politicians -- United States</text>
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                <text>Frederick C. Boucher, better known as Rick, was born on August 1st, 1946 in Abingdon, Virginia. &#13;
&#13;
Rick's long career in law and public service was heavily influenced by his upbringing and parents. His mother, Dorothy Buck Boucher, was a pioneer of women practicing law as she was in the first female class graduating from University of Virginia, School of Law in 1945, and became the first female lawyer working west of Roanoke. She later worked in Abingdon as a real estate lawyer and was the Democratic Chairman of the Political Party in Washington County. Rick's father, Ralph Emerson Boucher, was similarly a lawyer, primarily working criminal defense and was elected the Commonwealth's Attorney in Washington County for the Republican Party for several terms. This political opposition stressed the importance of bipartisanship and later inspired him to follow the family tradition in law and civil service. &#13;
&#13;
He attended Roanoke College, where he studied political science and economics, with the ultimate goal of attending the University of Virginia, School of Law. Later, he graduated from Roanoke College in 1968, and then from the University of Virginia in 1971. After graduating, he moved to New York City to work in a Wall Street law firm, Milbank Tweed. Two weeks into working there, Rick met Alexander Forger, the New York director for the McGovern presidential campaign. This chance encounter led to him working as a political advance on the McGovern campaign, allowing him to travel the country and learn grassroots organizing. Later, this experience served to prepare him for his own Congressional campaigns. &#13;
&#13;
He returned to Abingdon in 1973 in pursuit of the State Senate election in 1974. This election was the first step in his political career, where Rick served for seven years before being elected as Representative of Virginia's 9th District. He took the oath of office in 1983 under Tip O'Neill, where he served until 2011. &#13;
&#13;
As a Congressman, Rick prioritized federal involvement in economic development -- particularly under the Reagan Administration. He was the lead author of the Democratic resolution of censure of the president, the Democratic position on the Bill Clinton impeachment. Later, he chaired multiple subcommittees including the Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment, the Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality, the Subcommittee on Communications and the Internet, and the Subcommittee on Science of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. &#13;
&#13;
After serving in Congress, Rick worked in a D.C. law firm until 2020 when he retired. In retirement, Rick enjoys the scenery of Abingdon where he lives with his wife. &#13;
&#13;
In this addition to the Rick Boucher Papers, Rick talks about his life before getting elected to Congress, including his motivations and strategies in campaigning. He covers his time while serving in Congress, with special notice to influential bills that allowed for the development of Google and Amazon. In the donation to Virginia Tech, he hopes that these materials will instill the importance of civil service that he felt as a young man. </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284136">
                <text>2023-06-28</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284137">
                <text>Permission to publish material from the Rick Boucher Papers Collection must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech. </text>
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                <text>Oral histories</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Ms2021-048_RickBoucher</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="284140">
                <text>Special Collections and University Archives, University Libraries, Virginia Tech. </text>
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            <name>References</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="380636">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://oralhistory-dev.cloud.lib.vt.edu/ohms-viewer/viewer.php?cachefile=Ms2021-048_RickBoucher.xml" target="blank"&gt;Click here for synced audio and transcript&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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